How Genicular Artery Embolization Works: A Step-by-Step Guide
If you’re living with chronic knee pain—due to osteoarthritis—and want to avoid invasive surgery, Genicular Artery Embolization could be a game-changing option. This minimally invasive vascular procedure targets the root cause of inflammation in the knee and offers long-lasting relief often delaying the need for a traditional knee replacement.
Step 1: Initial Consultation and Imaging
Your journey begins with a consultation at United Knee & Vascular Centers. During this visit, our expert team of specialists will:
- Review your medical history and symptoms
- Conduct a physical exam
- Order imaging (typically MRI or X-ray) to assess the extent of joint degeneration
If you’re an ideal candidate for GAE, we’ll schedule the procedure and walk you through pre-procedure instructions.
Step 2: Preparing for the Procedure
GAE is performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you can go home the same day. Preparation may include:
- Fasting for a few hours prior
- Adjusting or pausing certain medications
- Arranging for a ride home post-procedure
You’ll be awake during the procedure, but local anesthesia is used to keep you comfortable.
Step 3: Accessing the Arteries
The procedure begins with a tiny incision in the groin, where a catheter (a small, flexible tube) is inserted into the femoral artery leading to the genicular arteries.
Using real-time imaging (fluoroscopy), your interventional radiologist guides the catheter to the genicular arteries, the small vessels that supply blood to the knee joint.
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Step 4: Embolization
Once the target arteries are reached, tiny particles (called embolic agents) are injected to block the abnormal blood flow to the inflamed synovium (the tissue lining the knee joint). This reduced blood flow helps decrease inflammation and pain over time.
Multiple genicular arteries may be treated in one session, depending on your specific anatomy and pain pattern.
Step 5: Recovery and Monitoring
After the embolization is complete, the catheter is removed, and pressure is applied to the access point. Most patients are advised to:
- Rest for a short observation period (1–2 hours)
- Return home the same day
- Resume light activities within 24–48 hours
Pain relief typically begins within days and continues to improve over the next several weeks. Want a full breakdown on the recovery process? Check it out here.
Step 6: Follow-Up and Long-Term Relief
You’ll have a follow-up appointment to monitor your progress and assess the effectiveness of the procedure.
Many patients report improved mobility, reduced reliance on pain medications, and a delay or avoidance of knee replacement surgery.
Is GAE Right for You?
If you’re exploring non-surgical treatments for knee pain, Genicular Artery Embolization could be the answer. Schedule a consultation today to find out if GAE is right for you.
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